UJMA – KATASTROFA ALI PRILOŽNOST?
Zaradi klimatskih sprememb so vremenske ujme vedno pogostejše in vse silovitejše.
Podnebne spremembe so vzrok nepredvidljivim dogajanjem v našem okolju. Ujme v obliki vetrolomov, snegolomov in žledolomov postajajo stalnica in predstavljajo veliko motnjo pri rednem gospodarjenju z gozdovi.
Z gospodarskega vidika vsaka ujma pomeni katastrofo, saj lastnikom gozdov in družbi povzroči veliko materialno škodo. Z ekološkega vidika pa ujma predstavlja priložnost, da se obnova gospodarskih gozdov, ki so marsikje že precej spremenjeni, izvede čim bolj v sozvočju z naravo.
V Sloveniji poteka sanacija poškodovanih gozdov po ujmah skoraj v celoti z naravno obnovo. Le približno 5 % gozdnih površin je treba zasaditi s sadikami gozdnega drevja. Po ujmah se gozdovi pomladijo, povečajo se tudi prehranske možnosti za gozdne živali.
Ledeni oklep na drevesih, ki je v Sloveniji nastal zaradi žleda v letu 2014, je bil ponekod debel več kot 7 cm. Tako debela plast žleda lahko smreko s premerom krošnje 8 m in površino vej 50 m2 obteži s 4 do 5 tonami ledu.
NATURAL DISASTER – A CATASTROPHE OR AN OPPORTUNITY?
Due to climate change, natural disasters are becoming more and more frequent and severe.
Disasters in the form of fallen trees due to heavy wind, snow and sleet are becoming a permanent reality in our forest and represent a major setback in forest management.
From the economic point of view, each disaster is a catastrophe, causing major economic damage to the owners and the society. However, from an ecological point of view, a disaster is an opportunity for commercial forests to be renewed in harmony with nature, as they have become severely altered in many places. After disasters, forests are rejuvenated, and more food becomes available for forest-dwelling animals.
After the sleet storm in Slovenia in 2014 the heavy layer of ice on trees was over 7 cm thick. Such a thick layer of sleet can put an additional weight of 4 to 5 tonnes on a spruce with a canopy diameter of 8 m and branch surface area of 50 m2.
